Oil composition



PatenteciAug. 20, 1940 f I I I I V I I f UN TED s'rA'rEs PATENT orrlca on. COMPOSITION Bertrand W. Story; Wenonah. and Everett W.

Fuller, Woodbury. N. J.. ass'ignors .to- Soconyv Vacuum Oil Company, Incorporated. New Fork. N. Y., a corporation of New York I No Drawing. Application March 2. 1937.

' Serial No. 128,601

I 4 Claims. (Cl. 87-9-)' This invention relates to the stabilization, disulphides which are particularly efiective' are against the efiects of atmospheric oxygen, of visthose in which the sulphur atoms are united di- -cous petroeum oils, such as transformer oils and rectly with groups or radicals other than bentechnical white oils, which are of a highly re- Zone rings,particularlyulkyl radicals and thiuram 5 fined character and substantially free from unand thiazo groups. those particular sulphides be- 5 saturated hydrocarbons and resinous compounds. ing relatively soluble in the oils and being, in all Oilsof the kind in question are commonly made cases investigated, sulliciently effective for comby refining petroleum distillates of the requisite Inercial use. p viscosity by treatment with large quantities of The ore oingilpplies both to the simple alkyl l suphuric acid, including fuming acid, followed disulphides. such as dielhyl disulphide and ii-n by neutralization and clay filtration or redistil- 1 butyl disuIphide a'nd to the aralkyl disulphides. lation. So far as the present inventionis C(lsuch as diben yl disulphide, in which aryl groups d, however, th method by hi h the highlyare substituted for one or more hydrogen atoms refined character is imparted to the ils is 1111- Of the intermediate alkyl {IlOll1JS. On the other important, hand, we have found that aromatic disulphides, 15

It is well known that highly refined viscous in which the rings are directly connected to the petroleum oils, although very stableagainst oxisulphu la ve y ineffective, dation at atmospheric temperatures tend to ab- TilC CiTCCiZiVOllOSS O l stabilizers Of the kind in sorb atmospheric oxygen when heated, particuq s y be Qvfllllald not y y actual u e 30 larly when in contact with catalytic metals such Of t e Stabilized oils in transformers and ma as copper, and that the first result of such oxidahinery. but also by a laboratory test, Commonly tion is the production of acid compounds soluble known as the German tar Which has e in the oils. Theoils thereby become .unsuitable found to i r ult comparable in degree with for h uses t hi h they are chiefly applied, the results in actual use. In accordance with this 3:, that is, as transformer oils, turbine lubricants method,eweighodsflmple 0f the Oil is maintained and the like, and must be purified or replaced. at a perature of 120 C. and Oxyge s u It is known t t t elementary sulphur and bled throughit slowly for 70. hours. The sample various organic ulphur compounds have the is then QXtlZlCiiEd With alcoholic soda solution," power of stabilizing 11 including some peand the extracted material. is precipitated by troleum oils, in some degree against atmospheric s of an acid, and dried and e edf The ;:0

oxidation, t sulphur and t sulphur m I, weight of the precipitate or acid extract varies pounds previously knownto have this"power have directly with the susceptibility of the oil to acid been practically useless for the purpose of stabilformation under the ons of the test. izing oils of the type here referred t In the tests specifically described herein, the

they are either corrosive to copper and other oil used w a hi hly r fin d vis u petroleum metals in t t ith hi h the i are vused, 011 containing paraihnes and naphthenes but sub-- or not sufficiently soluble in the oils to permit th stantially free from unsaturated hydrocarbons use of a quantity great' enough for effective reand resinous bodies. The oil, in the absence of suits. stabilizers. was readily susceptible to oxidation,

40 In our application filed June 10. 1931, Serial as it yielded an acid extract, under the test de- 40 No. 543,398, of which the present application is a scribed, of app oximately 4%. continuation in part, we have disclosed the dis- The following table shows the results when the covery that organic disulphides, as a class, have said oil was tested with various alkyl, aralkyl and the power, when dissolved in highly refined visthiazo disulphides, in optimum quantities:

cous petroleum oils, of inhibiting, in varying de-v w e 5 grees, the oxidation of such oils under the conl ditions of use, and that such disulphides' have 'i little or, no tendency to attack copper. These disulphides, however, vary widely in their eifecmvthylm H f 'f, I

tiveness, owing to differences in solubility or to ipr 19 .02 50 other causes not definitely known, so that some g;

of them would be of little commercial utility as i-p r l .05 I03. compared with other known materials for the gflliflgg fdffii y I same purpose. Tetra-methyl tlliurzin.1 ,03 ,03

We have discovered that a. sub-class of organic 55 Tcti'amethyl thiuram disulfide is a dithiocarbonic acid derivative having the formula CERTIFICATE Patent No. 2,211,798.

BERTRAND w;

We claim as our invention: 1. The combination, with a highly refined viscous petroleum oil, of material selected from oF CORRECTION.

I August 20, who. STORY, ET AL.

It is hereby certified that errorappearsin the printed specification cm 3 the class of disulphides consisting of the alkyl N-C-S-S-C-N disulphides, the aryl-substituted alkyl disul- 5 a CH3 phides and the thiuram and thiazo disulphides, in a quantity sufficient to diminish substantially which, it will be observed, contains the charace o ct of acidic compounds n the Oil as tei-izing group v the result of atmospheric oxidation at elevated q temperature. V I i 2. The combination, with a highly refined viscous'petroleurnoil, of an alkyl disulphide, in o -a. quantity suificient to diminish substantially the For comparison with the foregoing, tests mgde 7 production Ofa'cidic'compounds in the Oil as the on th same n, i th me way show ed th t 7 result of atmospheric oxidation at elevated temwith the addition of .10% of diphenyl disulphide D B- v i i the acid extract was reduced onlyto 5.1%, while The b o w t a highly efined with the maximum soluble quantity of diphenol viscous p l mo of t t t yl thiuram disulphide, somewhat-less than 10%, the acid d u ph d in a quant sufficient to d minish extract was reduced only to 13.0%. substantially the production of acidic compounds For commercial useQunder present conditions, in the 011 -r u of atmospheric Oxidawe have found dibenzyl disulphide the most suittion at elevated p rat able of the antioxidants herein disclosed, owing The c mbi at With highly fi ed to it effectiveness, relatively 1 t d h h viscous petroleum oil, of benzothiazole disulphide boiling point. It usually ha it optimum effect in a quantity suflicient to diminish substantially in a quantity of not over 0.10%, but in a quanthe production of acidic compounds in the oil tity of only'0.0l% it has been found t r d as the result of atmospheric oxidation-at eleby more than one half, the acid extract pro vated'temperatufe- I duced in testing the oil used in the foregoing BERTRAND W. STORY. tests. 7 EVERETT W. FULLER.

of the above numberedpatent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, first column, line 10, for "suphuric" read sulphuric-; line 14.1, for "515,598" read -5L4.5,596; and second column, line 55, in the table, for "Benzothialz ole'" read --Be nzo thiazole-; and that theeaidLettere Patent should be read with this correction therein "thatthesair'ie' may conform'to the record ofthe case in-the Patent officeli 4 I i v I Signed and sealed this 2 th day of FebruaryQ A'fD; 19in Henry Van Arsdale Acting C ommissioner' of. Patents f CERTIF' ICATE OF CORRECTION.

' Patent No 2,211,79 I A ust 2o, 191m.

BERT-RANDW; STORY, ET' AL.

It is hereby z ie ufliified that' error a p pea rs in the printed specification of the above nilmbered patnflreqfiiring correction as follows: Page 1, first 7 column, line i0', 'ror "suphuric" read -sulphuric-; line L1, for "519,598" read "515,396-- ;.and eecond column, line 55, in the table, for "Benzothialz'olev r ad -.-iB elli'i z o lfth-i h z oile -w--; and-that the; sa1d .Le,tter s Patent should be read with qrfe et i'oniher ei-r x izl i afi the sefixe may conform to the record of the; c aLse in iihi'e Patent Office; I

SignedQendeea'l ed this 25th day of February, A. D. 1911.1.

. Henry Van Ars dal e '(seal I Acting-Commissidn er of Patents. 

